sharpthoughtquotes
All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost; the old that is strong does not wither, deep roots are not reached by the frost.

J. R. R. Tolkien The Fellowship of the Ring, Book I, ch. 10 (1954)

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When and why it was written

When
Published in 1954, the full verse from Gandalf's letter.
Why
The complete poem, of which the 'not all those who wander' line is one part.

What it means

Four parallel corrections, each denying that a surface signal is reliable: glitter, direction, age, exposure.

The last image is the strongest. Deep roots are not reached by the frost is a claim about where durability is located, which is precisely where it cannot be inspected.

Read the source

The Fellowship of the Ring, 1954

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